Symptom	Plausible Causes	Suggested Treatment
Branch or part of branch swollen	Environment or Disease Cedar-apple rust, crown gall Pests Gall midges, gall wasps, spruce gall adelgids
Broomlike growth	Environment or Disease Witches broom
Cankers	Environment or Disease Bacterial canker, cytospora canker, fireblight
Dead branches and twigs	Human Causes Construction damage Environment or Disease Anthracnose, lightning Pests Scales, weevils, borers
Deformed twigs	Environment or Disease Brown rot of stone fruit, fireblight, peach leaf curl
Limb breakage	Human Causes Construction damage Environment or Disease Cytospora canker, heart rot, lightning, wind, winter snow
Ooze	Environment or Disease Bacterial canker, cytospora canker, fireblight, slime flux Pests Borers
Sawdust	Pests Borers